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由于温室气体排放导致了全球变暖,减排就成了应对气候变化的主流措施。随着经济快速增长,中国已经成为世界上最大的温室气体排放国。作为一个发展中国家,中国的工业化、城市化进程正处于加速发展时期,仍需要较长时间才能完成,对排放空间的需求强烈。在国际温室气体减排的谈判中,美国等发达国家坚持认为中国应该承担减排义务。特别是随着全球应对气候变化的展开,发达国家之间的大国合作更为紧密,日益联手对发展中国家特别是中国施压。文章主要讨论了在应对气候变化的全球博弈中,中国应对战略中应该注意的三方面策略:完全不承担强制减排义务,在不久的将来不再可能;无条件承担强制减排义务势必给中国的发展带来严重负面影响;“有条件”地承担强制减排义务,将在推动全球减排行动的同时,促进中国低碳发展。
As greenhouse gas emissions have led to global warming, emission reduction has become the mainstream measure to deal with climate change. With the rapid economic growth, China has become the world’s largest emitter of greenhouse gases. As a developing country, China’s industrialization and urbanization are in a period of accelerated development and take a long time to complete. There is a strong demand for space for emission. In the negotiations on international greenhouse gas emission reduction, the developed countries such as the United States insisted that China should assume its emission reduction obligations. In particular, as the global response to climate change unfolds, the big powers cooperation among the developed countries is even more closely linked, increasingly joining forces to put pressure on the developing countries, especially China. The article mainly discusses three tactics that China should pay attention to in response to the global game of climate change: it should not assume mandatory emission reduction obligations at all, and it is no longer possible in the near future. Unconditional commitment to compulsory emission reduction is bound to be given to China Development has a serious negative impact; “Conditional ” commitment to mandatory emission reduction obligations, will promote global emissions reduction actions at the same time, promote China’s low-carbon development.