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现有的论述普遍认为侵权责任具有损害赔偿功能。然而,法经济学学者普遍认为,侵权责任虽然在赔偿受害者的问题上发挥重要的作用,但这种作用是有一定局限性的。首先,过分地强调侵权责任的损失分散功能,会对低收入人群造成消极的影响,产生再分配上的问题。其次,在保险与侵权责任并存的混合救济模式下,侵权责任的损害赔偿功能是有限的。最后,大量的美国实证研究表明,侵权责任损害赔偿功能的实现需巨额的行政成本,这种投入与其带来的收益不成正比。因此,在现阶段我国交通事故中当事人的保险投保率还较低的情况下,虽然侵权责任确实承担了一定的损害赔偿功能,但这种功能在理论上存在一定的局限性。
The existing discussion generally holds that tort liability has the function of damaging compensation. However, it is generally accepted by law and economics scholars that although tort liability plays an important role in compensating victims, this role has some limitations. First of all, over-emphasizing the decentralized function of loss of liability for infringement will have a negative impact on low-income people and create problems in redistribution. Second, under the mixed relief model in which insurance and tort liability coexist, the function of damages for infringement liability is limited. Finally, a large number of empirical studies in the United States show that the realization of the function of damages for tort liability requires a huge administrative cost, which is not directly proportional to the return it brings. Therefore, under the circumstances that the insurance coverage rate of the parties involved in a traffic accident in our country is still low at present, although the tort liability does assume a certain degree of damage compensation function, this function has some theoretical limitations.