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目的了解镇巴县2016年高考学生的营养状况,为改善学生营养状况提供依据。方法按照GB/T26343—2010《学生健康检查技术规范》测量镇巴县1 460名16~18岁高考学生身高和体重,采用GB/T 456—2014《学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查》和GB/T 31178—2014《儿童青少年生长发育水平的综合评价》进行营养状况评价,比较不同年龄、性别、城乡学生营养状况。结果镇巴县2016年高考学生营养不良检出率为7.74%,其中生长迟缓率为2.05%,消瘦率为5.69%;营养过剩检出率为12.67%,其中超重率为10.00%,肥胖率为2.67%。不同年龄、性别、城乡学生营养不良检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但女生生长迟缓率高于男生(P<0.05),农村学生生长迟缓率高于城镇(P<0.05)。男生营养过剩检出率高于女生(P<0.05),不同年龄、城乡学生营养过剩检出率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论镇巴县高考学生营养不良和营养过剩检出率均较高,尤其是农村学生和女生生长迟缓问题应重点关注。
Objective To understand the nutrition status of college entrance examination students in Zhenba County in 2016, and to provide basis for improving students’ nutritional status. Methods According to GB / T26343-2010 Technical Standards for Students Health Check, the height and weight of 1 460 students aged 16 to 18 years in Zhenba County were measured. The results of GB / T 456-2014 Screening for Malnutrition in School Children and Adolescents and GB / T 31178-2014 “Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth and Development of Children and Adolescents” nutritional status assessment, comparison of different age, gender, urban and rural students nutritional status. Results The detection rate of malnutrition in students in Zhenba County was 7.74% in 2016, of which the growth retardation rate was 2.05% and the wasting rate was 5.69%. The detection rate of overnutrition was 12.67%, of which the overweight rate was 10.00% and the obesity rate was 2.67%. The detection rate of malnutrition among students of different ages, genders, urban and rural areas was not significantly different (P> 0.05), but the growth retard rate of girls was higher than that of boys (P <0.05) <0.05). The prevalence of overnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of overnutrition between urban and rural students at different ages (P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition and overnutrition in college entrance exams in Zhenba County are high, especially for the growth retardation of rural students and girls.