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目的调查分析临产孕妇对椎管内分娩镇痛(intraspinal labor analgesia,ILA)的认知及影响因素。方法选择2015年5月—9月进入四川大学华西第二医院产房待产的临产孕妇322例,采用问卷调查形式调查临产孕妇的一般情况、妊娠状态,以及临产孕妇对产痛的认识、对ILA了解认知情况和影响因素,问答结束后由调查者向其介绍ILA的知识,然后再次调查确定其选择ILA意愿变化情况。结果在临床孕妇中,清楚了解ILA的仅占22.67%,听说过但不了解的占53.42%;愿意选择的占49.38%。经过调查者对ILA知识的介绍后ILA选择意愿明显增加至81.89%,与介绍前相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在影响因素中,临产孕妇对ILA的认知度及选择意愿主要与对分娩疼痛的家庭认知理念有关。结论临产孕妇对ILA的认知度不高、选择意愿不强,家庭认知理念是重要影响因素之一,入院待产后对临产孕妇及其家人宣教可显著增加对分娩镇痛的选择率。
Objective To investigate the cognition and influencing factors of intraspinal labor analgesia (ILA) in pregnant women during labor. Methods From May 2015 to September 2015, 322 pregnant women were enrolled in the ward of waiting room in the Second West Huaxi Hospital of Sichuan University. The questionnaire survey was used to investigate the general situation of pregnant women, pregnancy status and pregnant women’s perceptions of labor pain. Cognitive and influencing factors, after the end of the Q & A by the investigators to introduce their knowledge of ILA, and then investigate again to determine their choice ILA willingness to change. Results In clinical pregnant women, it was clear that only 22.67% of ILAs, 53.42% of those who heard but did not understand, and 49.38% of those who were willing to choose. After the investigators introduced ILA knowledge, the intention of ILA selection increased significantly to 81.89%, which was significantly different from that before the introduction (P <0.001). Among the influencing factors, the awareness of ILA and the intention of choice of pregnant women during labor are mainly related to the family cognition concept of labor pain. CONCLUSION: The awareness of ILA is not high and the intention of choice is not strong. The concept of family cognition is one of the important influencing factors. The admission rate of pregnant women and their families after admission to hospital can significantly increase the choice rate of labor analgesia.