中西之间的文化交流,不但在整体上以互动为特征,而且在各领域也多呈互动状态。在物种传播领域,桃与葡萄的传播就是典型的例子。不过在中国古代典籍中,葡萄的东来浓墨重笔,资料丰富;而桃杏的西去则缺乏直接的记述。由此掩盖了历史真相,致使中国史学界极少关注桃杏西传的事实。这比较突出地反映在整理和研究吐鲁番出土文书的过程中,学者们每遇与植物相关的“桃”字必指为葡萄。本文拟从统计分析吐鲁番文书入手,结合历代典籍,并从语言学、植物学、社会学以及人们的认知规律加以审视,证实其中某些“桃”字确实是指从中原地区传播而来的桃和桃树,从而揭示“桃”之西渐以及中西文化双向传播这些为人忽略的历史现象和规律。 The cultural exchange between China and the West is not only characterized by interaction as a whole but also interactively in various fields. In the field of species transmission, the spread of peach and grape is a typical example. However, in ancient Chinese ancient books, the grapes come from the East to enrich the pen, while the information on the west of the peach apricot lacks direct description. This masks the truth of history, causing Chinese historians to pay little attention to the facts of peach blossom. This is more conspicuously reflected in the process of sorting out and studying the instruments unearthed in Turfan, and scholars should refer to grapes whenever they encounter the plant-related “peach” word. This article intends to start with the statistical analysis of Turfan instruments and combine with ancient books of history. From the perspectives of linguistics, botany, sociology and people's cognition, it is verified that some of the words “peach” actually refer to the spread from the Central Plains to Peaches and peaches, revealing neglected historical phenomena and laws that reveal the westward spread of “peach” and the two-way transmission of Chinese and western cultures.