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1型糖尿病(T1DM)是儿童和青少年时期糖尿病(DM)的主要类型,在全球其发病率有明显增多的趋势。目前多数DM患儿的实际代谢控制并不理想。控制不良的DM可导致各种并发症,病死率显著升高,给患儿及家庭带来沉重的心理压力和经济负担。大量研究证实,DM规范化管理可显著改善代谢控制,减少各种并发症,提高生活质量。T1DM门诊规范化管理包括教育、饮食管理、运动、胰岛素治疗、定期检查和心理咨询等。训练有素的多学科儿童DM团队,患儿及其家庭成员等积极参与和配合是T1DM管理的重要组成部分。
Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a major type of diabetes (DM) in childhood and adolescence with a marked increase in its incidence worldwide. At present, the actual metabolic control of most children with DM is not ideal. Poorly controlled DM can lead to a variety of complications, mortality was significantly increased, to children and families with heavy psychological pressure and financial burden. Numerous studies have confirmed that DM standardized management can significantly improve metabolic control, reduce complications and improve quality of life. T1DM outpatient standardized management, including education, diet management, exercise, insulin therapy, regular inspection and counseling. The active participation and cooperation of well-trained multi-disciplinary children’s DM teams, children and their family members are an important part of T1DM management.