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邮轮产业已经成为国际旅游和接待业中发展速度最快、经济效益最显著的业务之一。随着全球邮轮市场的东移,中国邮轮业受到了前所未有的关注,已发展成为亚太邮轮市场的核心组成部分。随着邮轮经济的不断深化,邮轮旅游业对中国经济、社会、文化和环境的影响日渐广泛而深远,而邮轮旅游的可持续性与责任性问题将成为该产业发展的重大议题。本文对国内外文献进行整理和分析后发现,目前国内学者对邮轮旅游及其影响的审视还不够深刻,特别是对邮轮旅游业的负效应或负外部性问题没有引起足够关注,研究成果非常有限,研究视角也较为宽泛。本文主要对近15年来国外邮轮旅游可持续性与责任性方面的成果进行了综述,在对邮轮经济的有限性、邮轮旅游对自然环境破坏和社会—文化冲击等方面的成果进行梳理的基础上,提出了“负责任邮轮旅游”的系统结构与行动框架,可为中国今后邮轮旅游业持续、快速与健康发展提供理论指导与实践支持。
The cruise industry has become one of the fastest growing and most economically significant businesses in the international tourism and hospitality industry. As the global cruise market moves eastward, the cruise industry in China has received unprecedented attention and has developed into a core component of the Asia Pacific cruise market. With the continuous deepening of cruise economy, the impact of cruise tourism on China’s economy, society, culture and environment will become increasingly widespread and far-reaching. The cruise and responsibility of cruise tourism will become a major issue for the development of the industry. After finishing and analyzing the domestic and foreign literatures, this paper finds that at present domestic scholars’ review of cruise tourism and its influence is not yet deep enough, especially the negative or negative externalities of the cruise tourism industry has not caused enough attention and the research results are very limited , The research perspective is also more extensive. This paper mainly summarizes the achievements in the sustainability and responsibility of foreign cruise tourism in recent 15 years. On the basis of combing the limitations of cruise economy, the crux of cruise tourism on the natural environment and the social-cultural impact, , Put forward the system structure and action framework of “Responsible Cruise Travel”, which can provide theoretical guidance and practical support for the sustained, rapid and healthy development of cruise tourism in China in the future.