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2011~2012年,选用郑单958为供试材料,以传统栽培模式为对照(CK),研究超高产栽培条件下春玉米的冠层结构。结果表明,超高产条件下春玉米产量及有效穗数均显著高于对照;玉米在超高产栽培条件下,其群体叶面积指数(LAI)均高于传统栽培模式(CK),且LAI最大值的持续天数比CK长。棒三叶及棒三叶以上叶增加幅度明显,与CK均达到显著水平;超高产栽培条件下玉米叶倾角明显小于CK,叶向值增大,群体受光态势较好。叶片光合速率(Pn)均随生育时期的推移而不断降低,在全生育期超高产栽培条件均高于CK,并且在大喇叭口期差异显著;整个生育时期超高产栽培条件的光合势均高于CK。超高产栽培LAI持续天数长,叶倾角小,叶向值大,进而改善玉米群体受光态势,提高叶片光合能力,具有高光效的冠层结构。
From 2011 to 2012, Zhengdan958 was selected as the test material, and the canopy structure of spring maize under ultra-high yielding cultivation was studied with the traditional cultivation mode as CK. The results showed that under high yielding conditions, the yield and effective panicle number of spring maize were significantly higher than those of the control. Under super high yielding cultivation, the leaf area index (LAI) of maize was higher than that of the traditional cultivation pattern (CK) The duration of the longer than CK. Cotyledons and sticks above the leaf clover leaves increased significantly, and CK were reached significant levels; under ultra-high yield cultivation conditions, corn leaf inclination was significantly less than the CK, the leaf value increases, the group receiving light better. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaves all decreased with the growth period, and the super high yielding cultivation conditions were all higher than CK during the whole growth period, and the difference was significant at the big bellmouth stage. The photosynthetic potential of the super high yielding cultivation conditions during the whole growth period was high At CK. The LAI of super-high-yielding cultivation lasted for a long time, with small leaf inclination and large leaf orientation, which could improve the light-receiving state of corn population, increase leaf photosynthetic capacity and have a high light efficiency canopy structure.