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采用自然沉降法测定2012年3月—2013年2月天津滨海地区城市不同功能区的空气微生物浓度。结果显示,该地区空气微生物中细菌占76.5%,真菌占19.4%,放线菌占4.1%;对空气微生物浓度变化进行多元排序分析,结果表明,依据城市功能区的不同,空气微生物在空间上具有明显聚类(5类),46.0%的微生物变异可以被前2轴解释,其中建筑工业区微生物浓度最高,居住区微生物浓度最低;在时间上表现为季节性聚类(3类),78.7%的微生物变异可以被前2轴解释,夏天微生物浓度最高,而冬天最低,空气微生物与温度具有显著的正相关性(P<0.01);空气微生物在时间尺度上的变化要高于空间尺度上的变化,季节气温的影响要大于采样区功能作用的影响;空气中PM10与SO2显著正相关(P=0.011),表明天津滨海地区的烟雾属于二氧化硫型。
The natural sedimentation method was used to determine the concentration of airborne microbes in different functional areas in Tianjin coastal area from March 2012 to February 2013. The results showed that bacteria accounted for 76.5%, fungi accounted for 19.4% and actinomycetes accounted for 4.1% in the airborne microorganisms in this area. The multivariate analysis of airborne microbial concentration showed that according to different urban functional areas, The microbial diversity with obvious clustering (Category 5) and 46.0% can be explained by the first two axes, of which the concentration of microbial in construction industry zone is the highest and the concentration of microorganism in residential area is the lowest. The seasonal clustering (3 categories), 78.7 % Of the microbial variation can be explained by the first two axes, the highest concentration of summer microbes, and the lowest of winter, the air microbes have a significant positive correlation with temperature (P <0.01); the change of air microbes on the time scale is higher than that on the spatial scale (P = 0.011). The results show that the smoke in the coastal area of Tianjin belongs to the sulfur dioxide type, and the effect of the seasonal temperature is greater than the function of the sampling area.