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结构主义作为二十世纪下半叶最常用来分析语言、文化与社会的研究方法之一,自然被北美汉学家们在进行中国诗学思想研究时所措用。从上个世纪70年代末开始,一直延续到90年代初,以高友工、宇文所安和倪豪士为代表的一批北美的汉学家在对中国文学和文论的研究过程中呈现出较为明显的对于结构主义理论的引述和借鉴的痕迹。北美汉学家们对于结构主义方法的措用与对中国文学思想的实证性研究结合在一起,并由此产生出了一些新的问题意识及对旧的结论的突破。
Structuralism, one of the most commonly used methods of analyzing language, culture and society in the second half of the twentieth century, is naturally used by North American sinologists in the study of Chinese poetics. From the late 1970s to the early 1990s, a group of North American sinologists represented by Gao You-workers, Yu Wen-suo and Ni Hao-shi appeared more obvious in their study of Chinese literature and literary theory Citation of and Reference to Structuralism Theory. North American sinologists’ use of structuralist methods combined with empirical studies of Chinese literary ideas led to some new sense of questions and a breakthrough in the old conclusions.