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通过野外定位监测实验,研究了艾比湖流域盐碱尘对棉花叶片光合特性、盐分含量以及叶片细胞生理功能的影响。结果表明:盐碱尘沉降对棉花叶片的盐分离子含量造成影响,导致叶片Na+、Cl-和SO42-等有害离子含量增多,K+等营养元素含量减少,影响棉花叶片营养吸收,造成叶片遭受盐分离子毒害;盐碱尘沉降显著阻塞棉花叶片气孔,影响叶片净光合速率、呼吸速率、光能利用率、水分利用率、蒸腾作用和叶片温度;盐碱尘沉降造成棉花叶片细胞丙二醛含量增加,叶绿素、类胡萝卜含量减少;棉花叶片通过增加可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量来调节细胞溶剂的损失,通过增强抗氧化系统酶的活性来清除活性氧等有害物质,减少损伤,维持正常的生理功能。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of saline-alkali dust on photosynthetic characteristics, salt content and leaf cell physiological functions of cotton leaves in the Lake Aibi. The results showed that salt-alkali dust deposition affected the content of salt ions in cotton leaves, resulting in the increase of harmful ions such as Na +, Cl- and SO42- in leaves and the decrease of nutrient elements such as K +, which affected the nutrient absorption of cotton leaves and caused salt ions Poisoning. Salt-alkali dust deposition significantly obstructed the stomatal conductance of cotton leaves, affecting net photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, light energy utilization rate, water use efficiency, transpiration and leaf temperature. Saline-alkali dust deposition caused the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) Chlorophyll and carrot decreased. Cotton leaves could regulate the loss of cell solvent by increasing soluble sugar and proline content, and remove harmful substances such as reactive oxygen species through enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes to reduce damage and maintain normal physiological functions.