以安太堡露天煤矿复垦区为研究对象,用PCR-DGGE技术分析不同复垦植被(榆树、落叶松、杏树、云杉和刺槐)及复垦年限(15年和20年)对土壤细菌的影响.土壤细菌多样性分析结果表明:复垦20年组,榆树最高,杏树最低,其余3个植被无显著差异;复垦15年组,云杉显著高于刺槐;刺槐随复垦年限延长,其土壤细菌多样性显著增高,而云杉却反之.相似性系数分析、聚类分析和PCA均显示,相同复垦年限的土样细菌群落结构相似性高.相关性分析表明细菌多样性指数和土壤pH显著正相关.优势和差异条带测序鉴定出Nitrospira、Sphingomonas、Arthrobacter、Brachybacterium、Rhizobium以及Mesorhizobium等或参与氮循环、或降解多环芳烃及杂环有机物的细菌属.本研究说明榆树和云杉有利于土壤细菌多样性的恢复;复垦区土壤的优势菌群多为有利于污染土壤的生态修复和肥力恢复的功能细菌属. Taking the reclamation area of ​​Antaibao opencast coal mine as the research object, the effects of reclamation (elm, larch, apricot, spruce and black locust) and reclamation years (15 and 20 years) Bacteria.Results of soil bacterial diversity showed that: the 20-year reclamation group had the highest elm tree and the lowest apricot tree with no significant difference in the other three vegetation groups; the reclamation of 15-year group was significantly higher than that of black locust tree; The soil bacterial diversity increased significantly with the increase of years, but the spruce was the contrary.Comparison of similarity coefficient, cluster analysis and PCA showed that the similar bacterial community structures of the same reclamation years were similar.The correlation analysis showed that the diversity of bacteria There was a significant positive correlation between sex index and soil pH.The sequence of Bacillus subtilis, Nitrospira, Sphingomonas, Arthrobacter, Brachybacterium, Rhizobium and Mesorhizobium, Elm and spruce are beneficial to the recovery of soil bacterial diversity; the dominant bacteria in the reclaimed soil are mostly functional bacteria that are conducive to the ecological restoration and fertility recovery of polluted soil.