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以甘肃景泰叶片黄化梨园土壤为例,比较黄化和非黄化梨园0~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤微生物及养分,以探讨与梨树叶片黄化相关因子,为解决黄化问题提供科学依据。研究表明:黄化土壤细菌、放线菌数量都显著少于非黄化土壤的数量,浅层(0~20 cm)黄化土壤的细菌数量少于非黄化土的46.62%,放线菌数量少52.49%;深层(20~40 cm)黄化土的细菌数量少于非黄化土的78.22%,放线菌少50.13%。两者的真菌数量差异不显著。黄化土壤20~40 cm的有机质、全氮、全铁、全镁含量显著低于非黄化土壤和黄化土壤0~20 cm土层的含量。因此,梨树叶片黄化与土壤中细菌、放线菌数量减少、20~40 cm土层的有机质、全氮、全铁、全镁含量过低有关。建议重点增施黄化梨园20~40 cm土层的腐熟有机肥。
Taking the soil of yellow pear garden in Jingtai, Gansu Province as an example, the soil microorganisms and nutrients in 0 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 40 cm soil layers of etiolated and non-etiolated pear orchards were compared to discuss the factors related with yellowing of pear leaves, so as to solve the problem of yellowing Scientific basis. The results showed that the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in eroded soil was significantly less than that of non-eroded soil. The number of bacteria in yellow soil (0 ~ 20 cm) was less than that of non-eroded soil by 46.62% The number of bacteria was 52.49% less than that of the non-eroded soil. The number of bacteria in deep (20-40 cm) eroded soil was less than 78.22% of that in non-eroded soil and 50.13% less actinomycetes. There was no significant difference in the number of fungi between the two groups. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total iron and total magnesium in 20 ~ 40 cm yellow soil were significantly lower than those in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer in non-yellow soil and yellow soil. Therefore, the yellowing of pear leaves was related to the decrease of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil, and the low content of organic matter, total nitrogen, total iron and total magnesium in 20-40 cm soil layer. Proposed emphasis on the application of yellow pear garden 20 ~ 40 cm soil organic fertilizer.