膀胱过度活动症(overactive bladder,OAB)是一种令人烦恼的疾病,它影响着人们生活的质量。病人常常表现为尿急,伴有或不伴有急迫性尿失禁,通常有尿频和夜尿的症状。虽然膀胱过度活动症的病因不是很明确,但是抗胆碱药物作为其治疗的基石,在减少膀胱储尿期的收缩,增加膀胱的容量,起着重要的作用。这类药物具有一定的安全性,副作用小,并且有着相似的疗效。尽管如此,当治疗膀胱过度活动时,抗胆碱药物种类的选择,其治疗的预期利弊平衡也应在考虑之中,尤其是合并有中枢神经系统或者心脑血管系统疾病的老年患者。本文通过查阅国内外新近相关的文献,从受体的选择,临床应用和不良反应等方面对7种抗胆碱药物进行综述。 Overactive bladder (OAB) is a troublesome disease that affects the quality of people’s lives. Patients often present with urgency, with or without urge incontinence, often with frequent urination and nocturia. Although the cause of overactive bladder disease is not very clear, but anticholinergic drugs as the cornerstone of its treatment, plays an important role in reducing bladder contractions and increasing bladder capacity. Such drugs have some safety, side effects, and have a similar effect. However, when the treatment of overactive bladder, the choice of anticholinergic drugs, the pros and cons of its treatment should also be considered the balance, especially in patients with central nervous system or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in elderly patients. This article reviewed seven kinds of anticholinergic drugs from the aspects of receptor selection, clinical application and adverse reactions by referring to the recent literature at home and abroad.