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海绵窦膜的结构极为复杂,硬脑膜的脑膜层、垂体自身的包膜、蝶骨体骨膜以及神经鞘膜等均参与了围成。膜结构在前床突内侧包绕颈内动脉形成近环、远环及颈动脉领,在颈内动脉入海绵窦处围绕颈内动脉形成侧环。同时,因脑神经的穿经,外侧壁深层出现不同程度的缺损或薄弱区域,使得病变易于侵犯及扩散。膜结构在各骨的附着点之间增厚形成韧带,起到纤维支架作用,为静脉引流创造了条件,而这些韧带的骨化又使该区域手术进入变得更加困难。
Cavernous sinus membrane structure is extremely complex, the dural meninges, pituitary envelope itself, the sphenoid periosteum and nerve sheath are involved in the enclosed. The membrane structure surrounds the internal carotid artery to form the proximal, distal and carotid arteries inside the anterior bed bump, and forms a lateral ring around the internal carotid artery at the internal carotid artery into the cavernous sinus. At the same time, due to the passage of the cranial nerves, there are different degrees of defect or weak area in the deep side of the lateral wall, which makes the lesion easy to infringe and spread. The membrane structure thickens between the attachment points of the bones to form the ligaments that act as a fibrous stent that creates the conditions for venous drainage and the ossification of these ligaments further complicates the surgical access to the area.