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目的探索6月～3岁婴幼儿早期发现弱视病因的简便可行方法。方法对受检婴幼儿进行注视和追随检查、红光反射、点光源映光加交替遮盖、小瞳带状光检影5步法检查。可疑者进一步用阿托品散瞳检影,确定其屈光不正的度数。小于12月的婴儿,须在年龄18月时复查屈光状态。结果根据以上5步筛查法检出先天性白内障4例(0.12%),上睑下垂3例(0.09%),视网膜母细胞瘤1例占(0.03%),内斜视8例(0.46%),外斜视10例(0.58%),垂直斜视2例(0.12%)。屈光不正的检出率为8.93%,散瞳后复查为11.66%。结论 5步筛查法适于3岁以下婴幼儿早期视觉发育的评估,可用于婴幼儿筛查。
Objective To explore a simple and feasible method for early detection of etiology of amblyopia in infants from June to 3 years old. Methods The infants were examined by gaze and follow-up examination, red light reflection, point light source and light alternately plus cover, small pupil photophobia 5-step examination. Suspect further with atropine mydriatic retinoscopy to determine the degree of refractive error. Infants less than 12 months old must be refreshed at 18 months of age. Results According to the above 5-step screening method, 4 cases (0.12%) of congenital cataract, 3 cases of ptosis (0.09%), 1 case of retinoblastoma (0.03%), 8 cases of esotropia Exotropia in 10 cases (0.58%), vertical strabismus in 2 cases (0.12%). The detection rate of refractive error was 8.93% and mydriasis was 11.66%. Conclusion The 5-step screening method is suitable for the assessment of early visual development in infants under 3 years of age and can be used in infant screening.