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土壤剖面质地构型是土壤质量和土壤生产力的重要影响因子,对冲积平原地区来讲尤其重要。然而,现有的土壤质量评价研究中,很少采用该因子,且评价指标筛选大多缺乏明确的生物学意义。本研究利用河南省封丘县39个剖面数据及113个土钻样点数据,使用模糊C均值聚类方法 (FCM)结合Kriging插值方法获取的9种土壤剖面质地构型在空间上分布的单一类别隶属度图;在此基础上结合专家知识,针对平原地区旱作作物及耕地的耕性对土壤剖面质地构型的性状进行打分,以分值为参照,在Arc GIS 9.2中9个单一类别隶属度栅格文件进行栅格计算,获取了研究区土壤剖面质地构型栅格的综合分值。利用包括土壤剖面质地构型在内的多个土壤属性,结合作物产量数据,使用主成分分析(PCA)方法确定了最小数据集(MDS);应用指数和法,基于两种途径对土壤质量进行了评价,并结合测产获取的作物产量对两种评价结果进行了对比分析。结果表明:土壤质量指数与作物产量有较好的相关性,土壤质量评价结果能够较好地反映研究区的土壤质量状况。在添加剖面质地构型因子后,土壤质量评价结果有进一步的改善,可见在黄河泛滥冲积平原地区,剖面质地构型是土壤质量评价必不可少的因子。
Texture profile of soil profile is an important factor affecting soil quality and soil productivity, which is especially important in alluvial plain areas. However, the existing evaluation of soil quality rarely uses this factor, and most of the evaluation indicators lack the clear biological significance. In this study, we used 39 profile data and 113 soil sample data from Fengqiu County, Henan Province. Nine soil texture profiles obtained by FCM and Kriging interpolation were spatially distributed in a single Based on this, combined with expert knowledge, this paper scored the texture of soil profile on the basis of the tillage of the dryland crops and cultivated land in plain area. According to the scores, nine single categories The membership raster file was used for grid computing, and the comprehensive score of texture grid of soil profile in the study area was obtained. Based on the multiple soil attributes including texture configuration of soil profile, combined with crop yield data, the minimum data set (MDS) was determined by principal component analysis (PCA) method. The soil quality was determined by two methods The evaluation results were compared with the results of two kinds of evaluation based on the crop yield obtained by the test. The results showed that there was a good correlation between soil quality index and crop yield, and the soil quality evaluation results could well reflect the soil quality status of the study area. After adding profile texture factor, the result of soil quality evaluation has been further improved. It can be seen that the texture configuration of the profile is an indispensable factor for soil quality evaluation in the area where the Yellow River flooded alluvial plain.