论文部分内容阅读
目的对放射工作者个人累积受照剂量、健康效应指标、细胞遗传学指标进行检测,探索长期低剂量辐射对工作者健康的影响。方法暴露组配戴“TLDmodel 469”个人剂量监测计,用“TLP-热释光剂量数据处理系统”测读结果。微量全血培养法检测染色体畸变及微核。询问病史、自觉症状,检查内科、皮肤科、眼科、五官科,检验WBC+DC、W-LCR、W-SCR、Hb、PLT、ALT、HB-sAg。结果暴露组受照剂量最高192.02 mSv/a,最低0.42 mSv/a,人均年受照剂量5.47 mSv/a。暴露组中有头疼、头晕、易倦、乏力、嗜睡、记忆力减退等者占13.47%,高于对照组5.79%。暴露组眼晶状体混浊发生率为32.42%(709/2 187),显著高于对照组的6.25%(15/240)。暴露组染色体总畸变率1.61%,高于对照组0.16%。受照剂量与染色体总畸变率呈正相关关系(r=0.982,P<0.01),与染色体细胞畸变率呈正相关关系(r=0.978,P<0.01)。同位素组、介入放射组高于其他组(χ2=565.54、496.12,P<0.01)。结论用改良微量全血培养法检测放射工作者染色体型畸变超过2%,双着丝粒体≥1%,应考虑诊断慢性放射病。
OBJECTIVE: To detect the accumulated radiation doses, health effects and cytogenetics of radiologists and explore the effects of long-term low-dose radiation on the health of workers. Methods Exposure groups were fitted with “TLD model 469” personal dosimeters and the results were read using a “TLP-thermoluminescent dose data processing system”. Detection of Chromosome Aberrations and Micronuclei by Micro Whole Blood Culture. WBC, DC, W-LCR, W-SCR, Hb, PLT, ALT and HB-sAg were examined for medical history, symptoms and internal medicine, dermatology, ophthalmology and ENT. Results The exposed group received the highest dose of 192.02 mSv / a, the lowest 0.42 mSv / a, and the per capita annual dose of 5.47 mSv / a. The exposed group had headache, dizziness, fatigue, fatigue, drowsiness, memory loss and others accounted for 13.47%, 5.79% higher than the control group. The incidence of ocular lens opacity in the exposed group was 32.42% (709/2 187), significantly higher than that of the control group (6.25%, 15/240). The total chromosome aberration rate in exposed group was 1.61%, higher than 0.16% in control group. There was a positive correlation between the irradiated dose and the total chromosome aberration rate (r = 0.982, P <0.01), and the chromosome aberration rate (r = 0.978, P <0.01). Isotope group, interventional radiotherapy group than the other groups (χ2 = 565.54,496.12, P <0.01). Conclusion The modified micro-whole blood culture method for the detection of radiation workers more than 2% of chromosome aberration, dicentric mitochondria ≥ 1%, should consider the diagnosis of chronic radiation sickness.