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利用有限元法研究了重轨轨头在淬火过程中的应力场分布。模拟计算的过程中利用等效热容法处理相变潜热对温度场的影响,用等效线膨胀系数法处理相变引起的组织应力,同时考虑了材料的非线性参数对温度场的影响。研究结果表明温度的模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好,喷风淬火可以产生较小的残余热应力,避免了钢轨的变形和开裂。
The stress field distribution of heavy rail head in quenching process was studied by finite element method. In the process of simulation calculation, the equivalent heat capacity method is used to deal with the influence of latent heat on the temperature field. The equivalent linear expansion coefficient method is used to deal with the stress caused by phase transformation. Meanwhile, the influence of material nonlinear parameters on the temperature field is considered. The results show that the temperature simulation results agree well with the measured results, and the jet quenching can produce less residual thermal stress and avoid the deformation and cracking of the rail.