论文部分内容阅读
在这类药物中,肼屈嗪(Hydralazine)和米诺地尔(Minoxldil)均属口服扩管药,二者都可用于高血压的长期门诊治疗;至于非口服扩管药——硝普盐和二氮嗪,则可用于治疗高血压急症,这些化合物均在平滑肌兴奋-收缩偶联进程时起作用。 所有扩管药都能松弛小动脉的平滑肌,从而降低全身血管的阻力。硝普钠还可松弛静脉。减弱的动脉阻力和降低的平均动脉压可激发代偿效应,而此种代偿效应是通过压力感受器和交感神经系统,以及肾素、血管紧张素和醛固酮介导的。这类代偿效应可抵销扩管药的降压作用,由于交感反射是完整的,所以扩管药疗法不会引起直立性低血压或性功能障碍。
Among these drugs, Hydralazine and Minoxldil are oral expander drugs, both of which can be used for long-term outpatient treatment of hypertension. As for non-oral drug expander, And diazoxide, are useful in the treatment of acute hypertension and these compounds play a role in the smooth muscle excitation-contraction coupling process. All expander drugs can relax the smooth muscle of the arterioles, thereby reducing systemic vascular resistance. Sodium nitroprusside can also relax the vein. Weakened arterial resistance and reduced mean arterial pressure stimulate compensatory effects that are mediated through the baroreceptor and sympathetic nervous system, as well as renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone. Such compensatory effects can counteract the antihypertensive effect of the expanding drug, and because of the complete sympathetic reflex, expanded drug therapies do not cause orthostatic hypotension or sexual dysfunction.