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目的调查任县干部职工颈动脉内皮脂质沉积流行情况,为采取预防与控制措施提供依据。方法采用Gevivid7型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对2 668名干部职工从颈总动脉起始处近心端至颈内动脉入颅远端进行连续探查,全面评价颈动脉内皮脂质沉积情况。颈动脉内皮中层增厚、颈动脉粥样硬化斑块均视为脂质在血管内皮沉积。对发生颈动脉内皮脂质沉积者进一步进行血脂检查。血脂检查的内容包括总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),其中有1项超标视为血脂异常。结果在2 668名被调查者中,颈动脉内皮脂质沉积369人,标化患病率13.83%。男性与女性颈动脉内皮脂质沉积标化患病率的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=2.31,P>0.05),在男性与女性21~29岁年龄段均未发现颈动脉内皮脂质沉积。在30~39岁、40~49岁年龄段的男性颈动脉内皮脂质沉积的患病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.92、χ2=12.27,P<0.025、P<0.01)。50~岁年龄段男性与女性颈动脉内皮脂质沉积患病率差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.01、χ2=0.00,P>0.05)。在颈动脉内皮脂质沉积者中血脂异常发生率为100.00%。结论颈动脉内皮脂质沉积是体内血脂异常的临床表现,多发生于中老年人。建议中老年人群采取综合性的预防措施,并定期进行颈动脉超声检查和血脂检测。
Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of carotid artery endothelium lipid deposits in Ren county cadres and workers and to provide basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Gevivid7 color Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus for 2 668 cadres and workers from the beginning of the common carotid artery near the distal end of the carotid artery continuous exploration, a comprehensive evaluation of the carotid artery endothelium lipid deposition. Carotid endothelial middle thickening, carotid atherosclerotic plaques are considered lipid deposition in the vascular endothelial. In the occurrence of carotid artery endothelial lipid deposition were further lipids. Blood lipids include total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), one of which exceeded the standard for dyslipidemia. Results Among 2 668 respondents, 369 were carotid artery endothelium lipid deposition, with a standardized prevalence of 13.83%. There was no significant difference in standardized prevalence of carotid artery endothelium deposition between males and females (χ2 = 2.31, P> 0.05). No carotid artery endothelial lipid deposition was found in males and females aged 21- 29 years . The prevalence of carotid artery endothelium deposition in men aged 30-39 years and 40-49 years was higher than that in women (χ2 = 4.92, χ2 = 12.27, P <0.025, P <0.01) . There was no significant difference in the prevalence of carotid artery endothelium lipid deposition between men and women aged 50 ~ (χ2 = 0.01, χ2 = 0.00, P> 0.05). The incidence of dyslipidemia was 100.00% in carotid endothelial lipid deposition. Conclusions Carotid artery endothelium lipid deposition is the clinical manifestation of dyslipidemia in vivo, which occurs mostly in middle-aged and elderly people. Recommended middle-aged and elderly groups to take comprehensive preventive measures, and regular carotid ultrasound and lipids testing.