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目的检验N95防护口罩与中国医务人员面部的适合性及佩戴后的不适表现,为医务人员佩戴口罩提供科学依据。方法采用定性的方式检验3M公司提供的1860型微粒防护N95口罩中的杯罩式和折叠式口罩对医务人员的适合程度。随访观察1个月,记录医务人员佩戴口罩出现的不适症状。结果共纳入研究对象1 283人,其中198人仅参与了杯罩式口罩的适合性检测,826人仅参与了折叠式口罩的适合性检测,259人参与了上述两种口罩的适合性检测。杯罩式与折叠式口罩的适合性检测通过率分别为100%和98.9%。未通过折叠式口罩适合性检测的12名研究对象中有11名因脸形不合适,1名因感觉憋气不能完成检验。佩戴口罩的不适症状主要包括压迫面部(22.5%)、憋气(19.9%)和过敏(11.7%)。结论 1860型微粒防护N95口罩适合大多数中国人脸形,普通医务人员在佩戴该型口罩前可以不进行适合性检验,但从事高危操作的医务人员必须进行适合性检验;长时间佩戴该型口罩可能引起较多的不适症状。
Objective To test the suitability of N95 respirator and Chinese medical staff in the face and the discomfort after wearing, so as to provide a scientific basis for medical staff to wear masks. Methods Qualitative examination of suitability of medical staff for cup-type and folding masks in the Type 1860 Particulate Protective N95 Masks provided by 3M Company was performed. Follow up for 1 month, record the symptoms of medical staff wearing masks appear. Results A total of 1 283 subjects were enrolled, of whom 198 were only involved in the suitability testing of cup masks, 826 were only involved in the suitability testing of folding masks, and 259 were involved in the suitability testing of both masks. The fit test pass rates for cups and foldable masks were 100% and 98.9%, respectively. Eleven of the 12 subjects who did not pass the foldable mask suitability test failed to complete the examination because of their unfamiliar face shape. Symptoms of wearing masks include compressing the face (22.5%), suffocation (19.9%) and allergy (11.7%). Conclusion 1860 particle protection N95 mask suitable for most Chinese face shape, the general medical staff wearing the mask can not be carried out before the suitability test, but engaged in high-risk operation of the medical staff must conduct a fitness test; long wear this mask may Cause more symptoms.