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目的探讨4种不同地域的典型温石棉对wistar大鼠肺部氧化损伤作用及其作用强度比较。方法从矿区采集甘肃阿克塞、四川新康、陕西陕南和青海茫崖4种温石棉,加工成粒径小于10μm的颗粒物。X光荧光衍射分析样品主要化学成分,激光粒度分析仪测定粒径。选60只初断乳清洁级wistar大鼠,随机分为5组(陕西陕南、青海茫崖、四川新康、甘肃阿克塞温石棉染毒组和阴性对照组),染毒组采用非暴露式气管内滴注浓度为2.0 mg/ml温石棉悬液0.5 ml,染毒频率1次/月;阴性对照组采用相同方法滴注灭菌生理盐水0.5 ml。上述5组大鼠分别于实验1、3和6个月后分批处死大鼠4只,称其体质量、肺质量,肺组织苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察病理形态改变;测定肺组织匀浆和血清中活性氧簇(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果四川新康和青海茫崖染毒组大鼠体质量增长缓慢,肺质量增加;HE染色显示,不同地域温石棉染毒组都有不同程度的炎性细胞聚集、肺泡结构破坏和纤维化,损伤随染毒时间延长加重;与相同染毒时间的阴性对照组比较,青海茫崖和四川新康染毒组大鼠肺组织和血清中ROS、MDA的含量分别于染毒1和3个月始增加(P<0.05),SOD活力先升高后降低(P<0.05),随染毒时间的延长,肺组织和血清中MDA含量增加(P<0.05),SOD活力呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论四川新康和青海茫崖温石棉可致大鼠体内产生过量ROS,导致脂质过氧化作用,抗氧化酶SOD耗竭或失代偿,清除自由基的能力下降,造成大鼠的肺氧化应激损伤,提示不同地域温石棉氧化损伤作用可能存在差异。
Objective To investigate the effects of typical chrysotile in four different regions on oxidative damage of lungs and the intensity of lung injury in wistar rats. Methods Four kinds of chrysotile asbestos from Aksai, Gansu, Xinkang, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shaanxi Province and Mangya, Qinghai were collected from the mining area and processed into particles with particle size less than 10μm. X-ray fluorescence diffraction analysis of the main chemical composition of the sample, laser particle size analyzer particle size. Fifty-six wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (Shaanxi Southern Shaanxi, Mangya Qinghai, Xinkang, Gansu, Askeseen asbestos-exposed group and negative control group) Exposed endotracheal instillation concentration of 2.0 mg / ml chrysotile aspartate suspension 0.5 ml, frequency of exposure to once / month; negative control group using the same method of instillation of sterile saline 0.5 ml. The rats in the above 5 groups were killed in batches after 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively, and their body weight, lung mass and histopathological changes of lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the homogenate and serum were measured. Results The body weight of rats in Xinkang, Qinghai and Mangya groups increased slowly and the lung mass increased. The HE staining showed that there were different degrees of inflammatory cell aggregation, alveolar structure destruction and fibrosis, Compared with the same negative control group, the content of ROS and MDA in lung tissues and serum of Mangya Qinghai and Sichuan Xinkang were higher than that of the control group exposed to the same exposure time for 1 and 3 months (P <0.05). The activity of SOD increased firstly and then decreased (P <0.05). With the prolongation of exposure time, the content of MDA in lung tissue and serum increased (P <0.05) and the activity of SOD decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusions Chrysogenin in Xinkang, Qinghai and Mangya of Qinghai Province can induce excess ROS in rats, resulting in lipid peroxidation, depletion or decompensation of antioxidant enzymes SOD, decreased ability of free radical scavenging, and pulmonary oxidative stress Shock injury, suggesting that different regions of chrysotile oxidative damage may be different.