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采用氰化浸出直接处理难浸金矿石和精矿,有金回收率低和氰化物消耗量大的缺点。因此,在氰化浸出之前需要进行氧化预处理以分解硫化矿物包裹体使得金颗粒容易接触到氰化物离子,三种主要的氧化预处理方法是:传统的氧化焙烧法,近代的加压氧化法和仍处于试验开发阶段的细菌氧化法。本文着重论述影响金难浸的矿物学因素和上述三种方法的主要特点及其进展,并对世界范围内的各种生产的经济指标作一比较,还扼要讨论了有关环保问题。
The direct treatment of refractory gold ores and concentrates by cyanidation leaching has the disadvantages of low gold recovery and large cyanide consumption. Therefore, there is a need for an oxidative pretreatment before cyanide leaching to decompose sulfide mineral inclusions to allow easy access of gold particles to cyanide ions. Three major methods of oxidative pretreatment are conventional oxidation roasting, modern pressurized oxidation And bacterial oxidation that is still in the experimental development stage. This paper focuses on the mineralogical factors that affect gold infiltration and the main features and progress of the above three methods. It also compares the economic indicators of various kinds of production around the world and briefly discusses the related environmental issues.