1 直接检验法从平均样品中分出一半种子作为试样,放在白纸或玻璃板上,用肉眼或5～10倍的扩大镜检查。先将散布在种子间的菌瘿、病核、虫瘿、活虫卵块等拣出,并检查种子内害虫。再取样1000粒,观察种子上虫斑、突起、变色、蛀孔等,然后计算病虫危害程度。病原体称重,计算感染率;害虫计数,换算成 1 direct test from the average sample half of the seed as a sample, on a white paper or glass, with the naked eye or 5 to 10 magnifying examination. First scattered among the seeds of bacteria, disease, nuclear, insects, live eggs and other eggs picked out, and check the seeds of pests. 1000 samples were taken again to observe the seeds on the spots, protrusions, discoloration, wormhole, etc., and then calculate the degree of pest damage. Pathogen weighed to calculate infection rate; pest count, converted into