汉代以前,政府收入主要依赖于租税口算,或按土地面积收取、或按人口收取,因为牵涉到千家万户,势必不能任意加派。为了增加政府收入,一批法家就想出来一个好办法,他们说盐、酒这些东西人们不能一日无之,如果实行政府专卖,既可以赚好多钱,又不容易引起人们的反感。于是,国家开始对盐、酒等物品实行专卖。 Before the Han Dynasty, the government revenue mainly relied on taxation and rents, or charged according to land area or charged by population because it involved tens of thousands of households and would certainly not be arbitrarily assigned. In order to increase government revenue, a group of legalists came up with a good idea. They said that people like salt and alcohol can not live without them. If government monopolies are implemented, they can make a lot of money and they will not easily arouse people’s dislike. As a result, the state began to salt, alcohol and other goods monopoly.