京津冀地区高分辨率PM2.5浓度时空变化模拟与分析

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为了全覆盖、高分辨率和高精度识别京津冀地区大气PM2.5质量浓度时空变化,选取多角度大气校正算法遥感反演的lkm AOD为主要预测因子,多种气象要素和土地利用要素为辅助预测因子,构建了混合效应模型+地理加权回归模型的两阶段统计模型,并针对京津冀地区PM2.5污染较严重的特点,模型中引入了AOD2等独特预测因子.通过上述两阶段模型定量预测了研究区2017年1 km2空间分辨率的每日PM2.5质量浓度.结果 表明,模型交叉验证的决定系数R2为0.94,斜率为0.95,均方根预测误差为13.14 μg·m-3,在前人基础上预测精度进一步提升,可用于PM2.5浓度时空变化预测与分析.2017年,京津冀地区PM2.5浓度年均值为44.96 μg·m-3,年均值范围在0~89.89 μg· m-之间.PM2.5浓度时空变化差异性明显,整体上呈现“平原西南部浓度高、平原东北部浓度中等和山区高原浓度低”的空间分布格局以及“冬季浓度高、夏季浓度低和春秋过渡”的季节变化特点.模型预测结果的高时空分辨率可以支持流行病学研究在较小区域的暴露评估和识别小尺度污染源的时空变化,分析发现在大气污染防治行动计划实施以来,污染较严重的冀中南山麓平原区可能出现了重要污染源的空间变化.模型预测与分析结果可以为京津冀大气污染防治提供科学支撑.
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