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2001—2003年,利用我国唯一的农田开放式空气CO2浓度增高(FACE)研究平台,研究大气CO2浓度比对照高200μmol.mol-1的FACE处理对水稻品种武香粳14颖花分化和退化的影响。FACE处理结果表明,每穗现存颖花数平均比对照少10.4~12.6朵,降幅为6.88%~8.49%,达极显著水平;对每穗颖花分化数和1次枝梗颖花退化数无显著影响,但使2次枝梗颖花的退化数和退化率显著高于对照;水稻每朵分化颖花所占有的抽穗期植株含N量和拔节至抽穗期的吸N量显著或极显著小于对照,使抽穗期茎鞘中可溶性碳水化合物含有率及其与植株含N率的比值显著或极显著高于对照;每朵分化颖花所占有的抽穗期植株含N量和拔节至抽穗期的吸N量与每穗颖花退化数均呈线性负相关,相关系数分别为-0.848**、-0.961**;抽穗期茎鞘中可溶性碳水化合物含有率及其和植株含N率的比值与每穗颖花退化数均呈线性正相关,相关系数分别为0.808*、0.831*。认为FACE处理降低水稻颖花形成期吸氮能力,使植株碳代谢增强、氮代谢减弱可能是其分化颖花大量退化和每穗颖花数少于对照的重要原因之一。
In 2001-2003, using the only FACE platform for open air CO2 enrichment in farmlands, the effects of FACE treatment with CO2 concentration 200 μmol · mol-1 higher than CK on the differentiation and degeneration of spikelets influences. FACE treatment showed that the average number of spikes per panicle was 10.4 ~ 12.6 less than that of the control, decreasing by 6.88% ~ 8.49%, reaching the extremely significant level. For the spikelet number per spike and the primary degeneration number of spikelets But the degeneration number and degeneration rate of spikelet of secondary branch were significantly higher than that of the control. The content of N in heading stage and the N uptake from jointing to heading stage of each differentiated spikelet in rice were significantly or extremely significant The content of soluble carbohydrates in the stems and sheaths at heading stage and the ratio of N content to plant N content were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of the control. The content of N in heading stage and the time from jointing to heading stage And the correlation coefficient between them was -0.848 ** and -0.961 ** respectively. The content of soluble carbohydrates in stems and sheaths at the heading stage and its ratio to N content in plants were negatively correlated There was a linear positive correlation between the spikelet number and spikelet per spike, the correlation coefficients were 0.808 * and 0.831 * respectively. It is considered that FACE treatment can reduce the nitrogen uptake ability during the formation of spikelets of rice and increase the carbon metabolism of plants. The decrease of nitrogen metabolism may be one of the important reasons for the massive degradation of spikelets and the less number of spikelets per spike.