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为提高高速公路长隧道入口段的交通安全,缓解驾驶人生理心理不适,对入口段实施可变限速控制策略。采用宏观交通流模型,以事故率最小为目标,以速度限制为约束条件,建立可变限速控制优化模型,并采用遗传算法对整个可变限速模型进行求解,确定可变信息板数目与相应的可变限速值。基于采集的交通流数据,运用微观仿真软件对长隧道入口段实施可变限速控制,并与未实施可变限速的情况进行对比。结果表明:对高速公路长隧道入口段实施分区间可变限速控制,在无交通事故的情况下,能够减少车辆运行速度的离散性;若隧道内发生事故,能够减少26.67%车辆停车次数和21.13%的平均旅行时间。研究表明,对长隧道入口段实施可变限速控制,能够提高交通安全,提高交通的运行效率。
In order to improve the traffic safety of the long tunnel entrance section of the expressway and alleviate the physiological and psychological discomfort of the driver, a variable speed control strategy is applied to the entrance section. A macro traffic flow model was adopted to minimize the accident rate and the speed restriction was used as the constraint to establish a variable speed control optimization model. The genetic algorithm was used to solve the entire variable speed limit model to determine the number of variable message boards The corresponding variable speed limit. Based on the collected traffic flow data, a microscopic simulation software was used to implement variable speed control on the entrance of long tunnels, which was compared with the case of no variable speed limit. The results show that the variable speed control of sub-area can be reduced at the entrance section of long tunnel of expressway, and the dispersion of vehicle running speed can be reduced in the absence of traffic accident. If there is an accident in the tunnel, the number of vehicles stopping can be reduced by 26.67% 21.13% of the average travel time. The research shows that implementing variable speed control on the entrance of long tunnel can improve traffic safety and improve traffic efficiency.