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20世纪50年代,有关职业选择的概念几乎没有什么发展。人们一直把职业选择视为是高中毕业生考虑的事,认为这个时期是青少年进行自我评价,对人才市场进行分析,然后决定做什么。很少有人把注意力放在职业选择的结果及影响因素上。在个体职业发展进程中,人们一直误认为职业选择或多或少是一次独立性事件,对个体以后的职业满意与成功很少或几乎没什么影响。事实恰恰相反,所有找工作者,尤其对于那些刚刚走出校门的青年来说,所面临的问题是各种各样的。他们不仅把找工作列为养活自己的一种基本需要,而且他们将可能被安置到需要几种不同经验的职务上,经历会使他们在价值倾向上产生一些改变。很多新员工难以接受目前的职业状况,他们经常在职业适应的痛苦中挣扎。倘若能找到对青年进行职业教育、职业指导的有效衡量标准,就可以有针对性地对青年进行职业指导。本文从职业成熟度的概念、职业成熟度的理论发展、职业成熟度的影响因素三个方面对国外职业成熟度的研究分别进行阐述和分析,以期对我国青年人的职业成熟度研究有所帮助和启示。
In the 1950s, there was little development in the concept of career choice. People have always considered career options a consideration for high school graduates, thinking that this period is when adolescents conduct self-evaluations, analyze the talent market, and decide what to do. Few people pay attention to the outcome and influencing factors of career choice. In the development of individual career, people always mistakenly believe that career choice is more or less an independent event, which has little or no impact on individual’s future career satisfaction and success. On the contrary, all the problems faced by job seekers, especially those who have just gone out of school, are manifold. Not only are they looking for a job as a basic need to feed themselves, but they may be able to be placed in positions that require several different experiences that experience some changes in their value propositions. Many new employees find it hard to accept the current occupational status, often struggling with the pain of job adaptation. If we can find an effective measure of vocational education and vocational guidance for young people, we can give professional guidance to young people in a targeted manner. This article elaborates and analyzes the research of foreign occupational maturity from three aspects: the concept of career maturity, the theoretical development of career maturity and the influencing factors of career maturity, with a view to helping the study of young people’s career maturity in our country. And inspiration.