目的:探讨超微血管成像(SMI)技术在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者颈动脉斑块新生血管检测中的应用价值。方法:随机抽取广西医科大学附属南宁市传染病医院2018年9月至2019年10月收治的HIV感染合并颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者100例为研究对象，所有患者均行常规超声检查、SMI和超声造影(CEUS)检查。比较3种方法检测斑块内血流的敏感度。结果:SMI和CEUS在HIV感染患者颈动脉斑块新生血管检测中灵敏度有较好的一致性，差异未见统计学意义(n P>0.05)；SMI和CEUS检测灵敏度均优于普通超声检查，差异有统计学意义(n P0.05). The results of both tests were better than that of ordinary ultrasonic examination, and the difference was not significant (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:SMI is simple, safe and fast in the detection of carotid plaque neovascularization in HIV-infected patients, and has little impact on the body of patients. It can effectively evaluate the specific condition of carotid plaque in patients, and has high clinical application value.