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生态足迹是评价一个地区人类发展是否过度利用资源的重要方法。在一个大致封闭的区域内,自然产出和生产有一个量的限度,人类生存需要自然界满足其生存的要求,当这个需求过大时就超过了自然的承载能力。本文运用生态足迹方法,探讨了区域生态安全评价问题,提出了生态压力指数概念及计算方法,对陕西省2000—2007年生态足迹进行了动态分析。结果表明,8年来陕西省的生态足迹超过了生态系统的承载力,生态安全等级属于Ⅳ安全级,陕西省生态系统所承受压力偏大,提出了加强陕西省区域生态安全的建议。
Ecological footprint is an important way to evaluate whether human development in an area over-utilizes resources. In a generally enclosed area, there is a limit to the amount of natural output and production that mankind needs to meet the requirements of its survival. When this demand is too large, it exceeds the carrying capacity of nature. This paper uses the ecological footprint method to discuss the problem of regional ecological security assessment, puts forward the concept and calculation method of ecological pressure index, and makes a dynamic analysis of the ecological footprint in Shaanxi Province from 2000 to 2007. The results showed that the ecological footprint of Shaanxi Province exceeded the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in the past eight years, the level of ecological safety belongs to the safety level Ⅳ, and the pressure on the ecosystem in Shaanxi Province is relatively high. Suggestions on strengthening ecological security in Shaanxi Province are put forward.