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本文研究了磷灰石的结晶性质,包括CO_3~(2-)与PO_4~(3-)的置换量、a_0、c_0、Da_0、Dc_0和CO_2指数,和磷矿粉直接施用肥效的相关性。结果表明,101个磷灰石的晶格中,CO_2%的变幅为3.62—0.04%;a_0为9.331—9.380A;c_0的变幅比较小;Da_0为391-2242A;Dc_0为424—2000A;CO_2指数为0.000-0.493。磷矿粉肥效与磷灰石结晶参数的相关阵表明,CO_2置换量的多少与磷灰石的组成最为相关(r=0.999)。这是氟磷灰石被碳酸根置换后形成碳氟磷灰石的理论依据。同时,CO_2与a_0、Da_0和Dc_0均呈极显著的负相关。逐步回归分析表明,上述各个参数中,对磷矿粉增产起主导作用的是Da_0和Dc_0,即最能评价磷矿粉肥效高低的是磷灰石晶粒的比表面大小。2%柠檬酸直接浸提原磷矿时,受到磷矿中伴生的碳酸盐矿物的干扰,其中方解石的干扰显著大于白云石。对于提纯的磷矿,由于碳酸盐的干扰已经消除,因而其与磷矿粉肥效的相关系数的可靠性可以提高到2倍左右。
In this paper, the crystalline properties of apatite, including the substitution amount of CO_3 ~ (2-) and PO_4 ~ (3-), a_0, c_0, Da_0, Dc_0 and CO_2 index and the correlation between the direct application of phosphate rock and fertilizer efficiency were studied. The results show that the amplitude of CO_2% in 101 apatite crystals is 3.62-0.04%, the value of a_0 is 9.331-9.380A, the amplitude of c_0 is small, Da_0 is 391-2242A, Dc_0 is 424-2000A, CO_2 index is 0.000-0.493. The correlation matrix between phosphate rock fertilizer efficiency and apatite crystallization parameters shows that the amount of CO 2 substitution is most related to the composition of apatite (r = 0.999). This is the theoretical basis for the formation of fluorocarbon apatite after the replacement of fluorapatite by carbonate. At the same time, CO_2 showed extremely significant negative correlation with a_0, Da_0 and Dc_0. The stepwise regression analysis shows that among the above parameters, Da_0 and Dc_0, which play the leading role in the increase of phosphate rock production, are the specific surface area of apatite crystal grain that can best evaluate the effect of phosphate rock fertilizer. When 2% citric acid was directly extracted from raw phosphate rock, it was disturbed by carbonate minerals associated with phosphate rock, of which the interference of calcite was significantly greater than that of dolomite. For the purification of phosphate rock, as the interference of carbonate has been eliminated, so its correlation coefficient with the efficiency of phosphate rock powder can be increased to 2 times the reliability.