“一国两制”的提出和确立,是人类历史上的创举,也引发了一系列新的亟待解决的法律问题。本文所要探讨的“一国两制”下的区际刑事司法协助就是其中亟待解决的一个新的法律问题。一中国共产党十一届三中全会以后,提出了和平统一祖国的方针和“一个国家,两种制度”的构想。所谓“一国两制”,就是在中华人民共和国内,中国大陆实行社会主义制度,香港、澳门和台湾实行资本主义制度。现在,我国政府又分别同英国、葡萄牙政 The proposal and establishment of “one country, two systems” is a pioneering undertaking in human history and has triggered a series of new legal issues to be solved urgently. The inter-regional criminal justice assistance to be explored in this article is one of the new legal issues to be solved urgently. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the principle of peaceful reunification of the motherland and the concept of “one country and two systems.” The so-called “one country, two systems” means implementing the socialist system in the People’s Republic of China and implementing the capitalist system in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Now, my government again with the British, Portuguese government