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一、现行德国少年刑法简介当今德国少年刑法可以追溯到围绕少年犯罪人之适当外延的争论。从19世纪末20世纪初开始兴起的观点认为,刑法既非仅服膺于报应罪责,亦非仅为了(积极或消极的)一般预防,毋宁兼具矫治犯罪人并促使其复归社会共同体之功能。此乃特别预防时代之肇始。19世纪80年代开始,冯·李斯特(Franz von Liszt)就在其1882年的“马尔堡计划”(1)中主张,传统的行为刑法应该转向为旨在特别预防之行为人刑法。此“现代学派”思想在少年刑法领域可谓无孔不入。
I. INTRODUCTION TO CURRENT GOVERNMENT OF JUVENILE JUVENILE KNOWLEDGE The current juvenile criminal law in Germany can be traced back to the controversy surrounding the proper extension of juvenile delinquents. From the beginning of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, it argues that the criminal law is neither a mere act of retribution nor a mere (positive or negative) general prevention, but rather a function of correcting criminals and facilitating their return to social community. This is the beginning of a special era of prevention. Beginning in the 1880s, Franz von Liszt, in his 1882 Marlborough Plan, argued that the traditional behavioral criminal law should be turned to criminal law aimed at special prevention. This “modern school ” thought in the field of juvenile criminal law can be described as pervasive.