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[目的]观察职业性镉作业观察对象尿镉及肾小管损伤效应标志物水平的变化,比较脱离镉作业6年后镉作业观察对象尿肾小管损伤分子-1(KIM-1)的水平。[方法]选取8例职业性镉作业观察对象,对2009—2014年度的尿镉、尿β2-微球蛋白及尿维生素A结合蛋白(即视黄醇结合蛋白)水平进行跟踪观察。2014年用ELISA法检测观察对象及正常对照组尿肾小管损伤分子-1(KIM-1)的水平。[结果]停止镉作业后,观察组的尿镉平均水平略有下降趋势,但各年度间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。停止镉接触后,观察组尿β2-MG水平和尿视黄醇结合蛋白水平一直维持在正常范围。观察组各年度尿β2-MG水平、尿视黄醇结合蛋白水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。停止镉接触6年后,观察组尿KIM-1的水平(1.37±0.61)ng/mL,对照组为(0.62±0.35)ng/mL,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]镉作业观察对象脱离镉接触后,尿镉水平下降不明显,传统的肾小管功能损害标志物尿β2-MG及尿视黄醇结合蛋白水平无明显变化,但尿KIM-1仍存在异常。
[Objective] To observe the changes of urinary cadmium and tubular injury markers in occupational cadmium task and to compare the level of urinary tubular damage molecule-1 (KIM-1) in cadmium task six years after cadmium exposure. [Method] Eight cadmium occupational subjects were selected to observe the level of urine cadmium, urinary β2-microglobulin and urinary vitamin A-binding protein (retinol binding protein) in 2009-2014. In 2014, the levels of urinary renal tubular injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in the observation group and the normal control group were detected by ELISA. [Results] After stopping the operation of cadmium, the urinary cadmium average level in the observation group decreased slightly, but there was no significant difference between the years (P> 0.05). After stopping the exposure to cadmium, the levels of urinary β2-MG and urinary retinol binding protein in the observation group remained within the normal range. Urine β2-MG levels and urinary retinol binding protein levels in the observation group were not significantly different (P> 0.05). The level of KIM-1 in the observation group (1.37 ± 0.61) ng / mL and control group (0.62 ± 0.35) ng / mL respectively after 6 months of stopping cadmium exposure, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). [Conclusion] There was no obvious decrease of urinary cadmium level after exposure of cadmium task to cadmium exposure. Urinary KIM-1 still existed in urinary β2-MG and urinal retinol binding protein, which are markers of renal tubular dysfunction. abnormal.