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以山西省黄岩汇井田15100采掘工作面所施工的两个“三带”观测孔为例,介绍了通过冒落带角、导水裂缝角和导水裂缝带的计算来确定钻孔位置的基本方法。针对覆岩观测孔的施工难点,提出了相应的应对措施,并详细说明了GC-2观测孔施工中出现的各种问题及解决方法。认为钻孔冲洗液法是目前煤矿取得“三带”数据较为精确的方法,根据钻孔冲洗液漏失量的大小及覆岩的开裂情况,对“三带”进行了划分:在钻进中覆岩一般开裂,冲洗液漏失量小于1L/(s·m)为弯曲带;钻进中覆岩严重开裂,冲洗液漏失量大于1.0L/(s·m)为导水裂缝带;钻进中覆岩出现掉钻,冲洗液漏失量大于1.0L/(s·m)为冒落带。
Taking the two “three-zone” observation holes constructed on the excavation face of 15100 Huangyanhuijian Mine Field in Shanxi Province as an example, the calculation of the drilling location by the calculation of the caving zone angle, water-conducting fracture angle and water-conducting fracture zone The basic method. In view of the construction difficulty of overlying observation hole, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward, and the problems and solutions in the construction of GC-2 observation hole are described in detail. It is considered that the method of drilling flushing fluid is a more precise method for obtaining “three zones” data in coal mines at present. According to the size of the drilling fluid flushing loss and the cracking of the overlying strata, the “three zones” are divided: The overburden rock usually cracks when the drilling medium is overburden, and the fluid loss is less than 1L / (s · m) as the bending zone; the overburden rock is seriously cracked and the fluid loss is more than 1.0L / (s · m) ; Drilling in the overburden rock out of drilling, flushing fluid loss greater than 1.0L / (s · m) as the caving zone.