针对深空探测器的单程多普勒测量需求,研究了被动式高精度多普勒测量方法及其实现技术。该方法基于探测器测控信标残留载波等点频信号和VLBI测站高精度氢原子钟频标,构造出与实际接收信号频率接近的参考信号;再通过本地相关处理,完成高精度开环多普勒测量。其特色在于完全不需要精确的先验轨道模型。所开发的专用被动式多普勒测量设备,在国内第一次成功用于欧空局环火星探测器“MEX”的多普勒测定轨试验。探测器X频段信号5s积分的单程多普勒测量精度达到0.2mm/s,与欧空局测量水平相当。采用该多普勒测量数据的MEX定轨结果与欧空局精密轨道在数百米至千米量级一致。 In order to meet the demand of one-way Doppler measurement of deep space probe, passive high precision Doppler measurement method and its realization technology are studied. The method is based on the point frequency signal of the residual carrier of the measurement and control beacon of the detector and the high-precision hydrogen atomic clock frequency scale of the VLBI station to construct a reference signal which is close to the actual received signal frequency. Through the local correlation processing, Le measurement. Its feature is that there is absolutely no need for a precise a priori orbit model. Developed by the dedicated passive Doppler measurement equipment, for the first time in the country for the ESA ring Mars probe “MEX ” Doppler measurement track test. The single-pass Doppler accuracy of the 5-sigma integral of the detector’s X-band signal reaches 0.2 mm / s, comparable to the ESA measurement. The MEX orbit determination using this Doppler measurement is consistent with ESA precision orbits on the order of hundreds of meters to kilometers.