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目的了解内蒙古奇乾地区媒介蜱携带斑点热立克次体(spotted fever group Rickettsiae,SFGR)的感染情况。方法2014年4月,在内蒙古奇乾地区用布旗法采集游离蜱,用PCR和序列测定方法对媒介蜱样本中SFGR的感染进行检测和基因分型。结果共采集媒介蜱320只,其中全沟硬蜱293只(91.56%)、森林革蜱22只(6.88%)、嗜群血蜱5只(1.56%)。媒介蜱SFGR总阳性率为47.50%,其中全沟硬蜱阳性率为46.42%,携带新塔拉塞维奇立克次体(Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichia,CRT)、拉欧蒂立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii,R.raoultii)和黑龙江立克次体(Rickettsia heilongjiangii,R.hei)3种基因型;森林革蜱阳性率为59.09%,携带CRT和R.raoultii 2种基因型,嗜群血蜱阳性率60.00%,携带R.hei基因型。结论内蒙古奇乾地区全沟硬蜱为优势蜱种,媒介蜱中携带SFGR基因型存在多样性,应引起公共卫生部门的高度重视。
Objective To investigate the infection of spotted fever group Rickettsiae (SFGR) in ticks in the dry areas of Inner Mongolia. Methods In April 2014, free ticks were collected by cloth-flag method in the Qikan region of Inner Mongolia. SFGR infection in the tick samples was detected and genotyped by PCR and sequencing. Results A total of 320 ticks were collected, of which 293 (91.56%) were hardwort Ixodes, 22 (6.88%) were forest ticks and 5 (1.56%) were bloody swallowing. The positive rate of vector tick SFGR was 47.50%, of which the positive rate of Ictalurus punctatus was 46.42%. The positive rate of Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichia (CRT), Rickettsia raoultii , R.raoultii) and R. rickettsia heilongjiangii (R.hei). The positive rate of forest ticks was 59.09%, carrying the two genotypes CRT and R. raoultii, 60.00%, carrying R.hei genotype. Conclusion Ixodes nigricans is the dominant tick species in the Qikan region of Inner Mongolia. The diversity of SFGR genotypes carried by ticks in ticks should be paid great attention by the public health department.