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作者在前期研究中,基于流域最小图斑的划分,提出了土壤侵蚀快速评估方法,并在黄河流域的应用中取得了较满意的效果。论文以黄河流域土壤侵蚀强度的评估结果为基础,评估了流域土壤侵蚀的脆弱性。以抗侵蚀年限表征流域土壤侵蚀潜在危险度,结合土壤侵蚀脆弱性分析了流域土壤侵蚀潜在风险。通过与土壤侵蚀强度的对比,指出在流域水土保持和生态保护中,同时考虑土壤侵蚀强度和水土流失潜在风险才能作出更合理的决策。最后,分析了黄河流域中游土壤侵蚀风险向下游洪水风险的转化关系,指出黄河中游高产沙区土壤侵蚀风险转化为下游更高的洪水风险,在泥沙灾害研究中应关注灾害的链式反应。
In the previous study, based on the division of the smallest patches in the basin, the authors put forward a rapid assessment method for soil erosion and achieved satisfactory results in the application of the Yellow River Basin. Based on the assessment of soil erosion intensity in the Yellow River Basin, the paper assesses the vulnerability of soil erosion in the basin. The potential risk of soil erosion in the watershed was characterized by its anti-erosion age, and the potential risk of soil erosion was analyzed based on the vulnerability of soil erosion. By comparing with the intensity of soil erosion, it is pointed out that in the water and soil conservation and ecological protection of the river basin, more reasonable decision can be made by considering the soil erosion intensity and the potential risk of water and soil loss. Finally, the relationship between the risk of soil erosion and the downstream flood risk in the middle reaches of the Yellow River basin is analyzed. The risk of soil erosion in the high yielding sand areas of the middle reaches of the Yellow River is transformed into the higher flood risk in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the chain reaction of disasters should be paid attention to.