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杜鹃红山茶(Camellia changii Ye)是山茶科全年开花的珍稀种类,其自然繁殖能力差,需要人工辅助的传粉、扦插或嫁接进行繁殖。本文研究了杜鹃红山茶扦插苗、嫁接苗及其砧木(油茶,Camellia oleifera Abel)3种苗木的叶绿素荧光参数和光合作用参数。结果显示,砧木及杜鹃红山茶的嫁接苗和扦插苗的叶片电子传递速率光曲线均随着光合有效辐射的增强而逐渐升高至最大值,后趋于相对稳定或略有下降,其光饱和点均在800~1 000μmol.m-2.s-1附近。研究还表明,3种苗木的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSII)、光化学荧光淬灭(qP)、相对电子传递速率(rETR)、最大净光合速率(Pmax)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、瞬时水分利用效率(IWUE)和瞬时光能利用效率(ILUE)均表现为砧木>嫁接苗>扦插苗,而非荧光淬灭(NPQ)的大小顺序则为:扦插苗>嫁接苗>砧木。这些结果表明,在这3种苗木中,砧木具有高光合、高蒸腾的特点,而扦插苗的光合蒸腾能力最弱。从光合生理的角度表明砧木适应能力最强、扦插苗最弱,而嫁接苗适应能力居中,商品化生产苗木可采用嫁接方式。
Camellia changii Ye is a rare species of Camellia that grows throughout the year. Its natural reproductive capacity is poor and requires artificial assisted pollination, cutting or grafting. In this paper, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic parameters of Rhododendron rhodiola rosea cuttings, grafted seedlings and their rootstocks (Camellia oleifera Abel) were studied. The results showed that the light curve of electron transfer rate of grafted seedlings and cutting seedlings of rootstocks and Rhododendron camellia rose gradually to the maximum with the increase of photosynthetically active radiation and then tended to be relatively stable or slightly decreased Saturation points are around 800 ~ 1 000μmol.m-2.s-1. The results also showed that the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm), the actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), the photochemical fluorescence quenching (qP), the relative electron transfer rate (rETR), the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) (Tr), instantaneous water use efficiency (IWUE) and instantaneous energy use efficiency (ILUE) showed rootstocks> grafted seedlings> cutting seedlings, while non-fluorescence quenching (NPQ) was in the order of cuttings> grafted seedlings > Rootstock. These results showed that among the three kinds of seedlings, rootstocks had the characteristics of high photosynthesis and high transpiration, while the cutting seedlings had the weakest photosynthetic and transpiration ability. From the perspective of photosynthesis, rootstocks showed the strongest adaptability and the weakest cuttings, while the grafting adaptability was middle. The commercial production of seedlings could be grafted.