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目的:分析278例头孢菌素类药物致不良反应发生的原因与特点。方法:抽取2014年9月—2015年9月间临床使用头孢菌素类药物后出现不良反应的病例278例,分析这些病例的临床治疗发生不良反应的原因与特点。结果:278例患者均进行停药观察病症特征,并给予选择针对性的对症用药治疗后均得到治愈;不良反应症状有过敏反应167例占60.07%,消化系统反应70例占20.14%,神经系统反应38例占10.07%,血液系统反应2例占0.71%和二重感染反应1例占0.35%。结论:相对于传统药物治疗,第3代头孢菌素类药物对于患者的抗感染治疗效果明显,但是在其治疗过程中应当保证用药合理性,特别是具有科学的用药量、方法以及依据,而且临床应用应该遵循治疗为主,应最大限度的降低不良反应产生的概率。
Objective: To analyze the causes and characteristics of 278 cases of cephalosporins caused by adverse reactions. Methods: A total of 278 cases of adverse reactions after clinical cephalosporins were collected from September 2014 to September 2015 were analyzed. The causes and characteristics of adverse reactions in clinical treatment of these cases were analyzed. Results: All the 278 patients were observed the symptoms of withdrawal symptoms and given the targeted symptomatic treatment were cured; 167 cases of adverse reactions were allergic reaction accounted for 60.07%, 70 cases accounted for 20.14% of the digestive system, the nervous system 38 reactions accounted for 10.07%, 2 cases of hematological reaction accounted for 0.71% and 1 case of double infection accounted for 0.35%. CONCLUSIONS: The third generation cephalosporins are effective in treating patients with anti-infectives as compared with traditional drug therapy. However, the rational use of drugs should be guaranteed in the course of their treatment, especially with scientific dosage, method and basis, and Clinical applications should follow the treatment-based, should minimize the probability of adverse reactions.