We report a two-layer model to describe the thermal response of continuous-wave (CW) terahertz (THz) irradiated skin. Based on the Pennes bio-heat conduction equation, the finite element method (FEM) is utilized to calculate the temperature distribution.
The periodic ripple structures on wolfram and titanium surfaces are induced experimentally by linear polarized femtosecond laser pulses at small incident angles. The structural features show a material difference in the
Electro-optic (EO) ring resonator modulators have a number of communications and scientific applications, including analog optical links, optical signal processing, and frequency comb generation. Among the EO materials used to fabricate ring modulators, t
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are successfully applied in fiber lasers for their photoelectric properties. However, in previous work, how to improve the modulation depth of TMD-based saturable absorbers (SAs) has been a challenging issue. In thi