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日语假定条件句ト、バ、タラ、ナラ在意义和用法上的差异一直为学界所关注。先前的研究认为这是假定条件在命题内容领域和情态领域的反映,但这种两分法忽略了以ナラ为主的发话层面的假定。本文尝试运用三层结构理论对日语假定条件句进行重新分析:把假定条件句分为“p(命题)部分”(Ⅰ型)、“M(情态)部分”(Ⅱ型)和“‘I-say’(发话)部分”(Ⅲ型)三种,并指出,日语中众多ナラ条件句表示的是该句后项发话的前提。因此,三分法更有利于我们对日语假定条件句做出系统而合理的解释。
Japanese assumed conditional sentences ト, バ, タ ラ, ナ ラ in the meaning and usage differences have been of concern to the academic community. Previous studies argue that this is a reflection of the hypothetical conditions in the field of propositional content and modality, but the dichotomy ignores the hypotheses on the naar-based utterance level. This paper attempts to use the three-tier structure theory to re-analyze the Japanese hypothetical conditional sentence: the hypothetical conditional sentence is divided into “p (proposition) part”, “M” modal part “ ”,“ I-say ’(speech) part ”(type III) three, and pointed out that many Japanese na ÷ conditional sentence is the premise of the sentence after the speech. Therefore, the trichotomy is more conducive to our systematic and reasonable explanation of the Japanese assumed conditions.