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目的了解栾城县某铬酸盐厂的职业卫生现状,有效控制由于铬酸盐危害而导致的铬鼻病的发生。方法对该厂铬酸盐粉尘浓度进行检测,对接触铬及其化合物的工人(接触组)和其它岗位的人员(对照组)进行健康检查后比较其铬鼻病的患病率。结果车间铬酸盐粉尘浓度为0.054mg/m3,超过国家规定的车间空气中铬酸盐的最高容许浓度(0.05mg/m3);健康检查接触组和对照组铬鼻病患病率分别为45.6%和22.6%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.78,P<0.01)。结论某铬酸盐厂的主要职业病危害因素是铬酸盐粉尘,根据其对防尘除尘设施不到位现状,应加大职业卫生监督检查力度,普及职业病防治知识,提高工人对铬鼻病的认识和自我保护能力,保护劳动者的健康。
Objective To understand the occupational health status of a chromate plant in Luancheng County and to effectively control the occurrence of chromium rhinopathy caused by chromate. Methods The chromate dust concentration in the factory was tested. The workers who had been exposed to chromium and its compounds (contact group) and those in other posts (control group) were examined for the prevalence of chrome rhinopathy. Results The chromate dust concentration in the workshop was 0.054mg / m3, which exceeded the maximum permissible concentration of chromates in the air of the workshop (0.05mg / m3). The prevalences of chromium rhinopathy in the health examination contact group and the control group were 45.6 % And 22.6%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 13.78, P <0.01). Conclusion The main occupational hazard factor of a chromate plant is chromate dust. According to its status quo in which the dust-proof and dust-removal facilities are not in place, the supervision and inspection of occupational health should be strengthened to popularize the knowledge of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases so as to raise the awareness of workers on chromium rhinopathy And self-protection, to protect the health of workers.