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落叶松(Larixolgensis)、水曲柳(Fraxinusmandshurica)、红松(Pinuskoraiensis)、白桦(Betulaplatyphylla)是东北林区主要造林树种。于2002年10月初,在东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场老爷岭和尖砬沟试验站(45?2?45?0碞,127?0?127?8碋)采集了4个树种林分的森林凋落物样品。采用气相色谱法对当年新鲜凋落物及半分解凋落物中有机酸进行了定性、定量分析。鉴定出13种有机酸,包括草酸、丙二酸、反丁烯二酸、丁二酸、顺丁烯二酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸。结果表明:对于新鲜凋落物而言,所测的7种低分子量有机酸中草酸含量最大,一般高于30mg/g;6种高级脂肪族酸中油酸或亚油酸含量最大,高于40mg/g;在半分解凋落物中,草酸含量最多,其次为亚油酸,再次为油酸;同一树种新鲜凋落物中有机酸种类和含量明显多于半分解凋落物。图5表2参10。
Larix olgensis, Fraxinusmandshurica, Pinus koraiensis and Betula platyphylla are the main afforestation species in Northeast China. At the beginning of October 2002, four tree species were collected from Laoyeling and Jiangyinggou experimental stations in Maoershan Experimental Forest Farm of Northeast Forestry University (45-245? 0 ?, 127? 0? 127? 8?) Forest litter samples. The organic acids in fresh litter and semi-decomposed litter were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography. Thirteen organic acids were identified including oxalic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, citric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, Linolenic acid, arachidic acid. The results showed that the content of oxalic acid in the seven kinds of low molecular weight organic acids was the highest for fresh litter, generally higher than 30mg / g. The content of oleic acid or linoleic acid in the six kinds of higher aliphatic acids was the highest, higher than 40mg / g. In the semi-decomposed litter, the content of oxalic acid was the most, followed by linoleic acid and oleic acid again. The types and contents of organic acids in fresh litter of the same species were more than that of semi-decomposed litter. Figure 5 Table 2 Reference 10.