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根据小麦开花习性,其穗顶的小穗最后开放,往往因水分和养分不足,造成花而不实,或叫“糠盖顶”。如果养分充足,不但可以结实,有的还可以结2粒,或叫“米盖顶”。据1978年田间调查,小麦“糠盖顶”的穗数占总穗数的47%,浇水的同一田块“糠盖顶”的穗数仅占19%,并有很多单株最后一个分蘖成为有效穗,每穗结实粒多则8—10粒,少则2—3粒。未浇水的后生分蘖成数死亡,不死的也不结实,为无效分蘖。后期浇水的麦田,一般要晚熟3—5天,增加了后期的绿叶面积,延长了绿叶光合时间,并且可以减轻干热风的影响,防止早衰,增加粒重。经测定,后期浇水的,一般千粒重可增加2—7克,甚至浇水后倒伏的麦田,千粒重也有所增加。
According to the flowering habits of wheat, the spikelets at the top of their spikes are finally open, often due to lack of water and nutrients, resulting in false flowers, or called “bran roofing.” If sufficient nutrients, not only can be strong, and some can end 2 tablets, or called “rice top”. According to a field survey conducted in 1978, the number of spikelets in wheat “bran top” accounted for 47% of the total spikes, and the number of spikes in the same field “bran top” only accounted for 19% of the total number of spikes Become an effective panicle, grains per panicle is more than 8-10 grains, ranging from 2-3 grains. Not watering the number of epigenetic tillers died, not dead nor strong, ineffective tillering. Later watering the wheat fields, generally late-maturing 3-5 days, increasing the late green leaf area, extending the green leaf photosynthetic time, and can reduce the impact of dry hot air, to prevent premature aging, increase grain weight. After the determination of the late watering, the general grain weight can increase 2-7 grams, or even after pouring watered wheat fields, 1000-grain weight has also increased.