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以食用菌重要害虫-厉眼蕈蚊属的Lycoriella ingenua为研究对象,研究了不同逆境温度下各虫态存活率的差异。结果表明温度对不同虫态存活率的影响存在显著性差异。成虫和蛹对高温具有一定适应性,卵对高温的适应性最低但具有一定的低温耐受力。在35-40℃高温下,相同暴露时间,各虫态的存活率随温度的升高而降低,但成虫的存活率均高于其它虫态。38℃下全部死亡的暴露时间分别为:成虫48 h,蛹24 h,幼虫12 h,卵2h。在40℃达到全部死亡的暴露时间分别为:成虫24 h、蛹12 h、卵和幼虫0.5 h。低温处理下,各虫态随着暴露时间的延长存活率逐渐降低。5℃低温下,相同暴露时间,成虫存活率均高于其它虫态,但在0℃低温下暴露24 h后全部死亡,显著高于其它虫态;幼虫在低温下取食活动减弱,5℃下暴露24 h后停止取食,相同暴露时间下随着温度的降低存活率下降;蛹对0℃的耐受力高于成虫和幼虫,暴露4 h后可以正常羽化,48 h后全部死亡;卵对短时间的低温具有一定耐受力,但随着暴露时间的延长存活率降低幅度大。
Lycoriella ingenua, an important pest of edible fungus, was used as the research object to study the difference of the survival rate among different insect states under different temperatures. The results showed that there was a significant difference in temperature on the survival rate of different insect states. Adult and pupae have some adaptability to high temperature, the eggs have the lowest adaptability to high temperature but have a certain low temperature tolerance. At the same temperature of 35-40 ℃, the survival rate of all the parasites decreased with the increase of temperature, but the survival rate of adults was higher than that of other parasites. The exposure time of all the deaths at 38 ℃ were 48 h for adults, 24 h for pupae, 12 h for larvae and 2 h for eggs. The exposure time at 40 ° C for all deaths was 24 h for adults, 12 h for pupae and 0.5 h for eggs and larvae. Under low temperature treatment, the survival rate of all the insect states gradually decreased with the extension of exposure time. At 5 ℃, the survival rate of adults at the same exposure time and the same time of exposure were all higher than those of other insect states, but all died after being exposed to 0 ℃ for 24 h, which were significantly higher than those of other insect states. After 24 h of exposure, the feeding was stopped and the survival rate decreased with the decrease of temperature at the same exposure time. The tolerance of pupae to 0 ℃ was higher than that of adults and larvae. After 4 h exposure, the pupae could normal emergence and all died after 48 h. The eggs have some tolerance to short-term hypothermia, but the survival rate decreases significantly with exposure time.