目的:了解中等职业学校学生艾滋病防治知识知晓情况及危险性行为发生情况，分析其影响因素。方法:2020年9～11月份，利用电子问卷对济南、广州和成都市中等职业学校(中职)学生开展横断面调查，收集其艾滋病防治知识知晓率、性行为发生情况等信息，利用多因素Logistic回归对相关影响因素进行分析。结果:三个城市共调查了6 492名中职学生，平均年龄为(16.35±1.20)岁，男生占44.3%(2877/6492)；总体艾滋病防治知识知晓率为60.1%(3902/6492)，报告性行为发生率为6.8%(438/6492)，报告发生过性行为的学生中48.6%(213/438)曾有过两名或两名以上性伴20.3%(89/438)报告发生过临时/被迫性行为；10.5%(681/6492)学生曾尝试使用社交软件/网站/在线游戏等网络途径寻找性伴；首次性行为发生的平均年龄为15.8岁，发生过性行为的学生首次性行为安全套使用率为75.8%(332/438)；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，男生、一年级、喜欢同性、接受“一夜情”或上网“约炮”、性需求强烈、曾在网络上浏览过色情信息、喜欢使用网络或手机软件与人交流是曾尝试使用网络途径寻找性伴的危险因素。结论:本次调查的6 492名中职学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率较低，男女生认知存在差异；有一定比例学生已尝试使用网络途径寻找性伴，提示中职学生艾滋病预防教育应进一步加强，同时注重提高学生识别风险和规避风险的能力，预防网约性行为可能带来的HIV感染风险。“,”Objective:To understand the awareness of AIDS prevention and control knowledge and the occurrence of dangerous sexual behaviors among secondary vocational school students, and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods:From September to November in 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among secondary vocational school students in Jinan, Guangzhou and Chengdu by using electronic questionnaire to collect information about their awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control knowledge and the occurrence of sexual behavior, and the related influencing factors were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression.Results:A total of 6492 secondary vocational school students were investigated in three cities, the average age was (16.35±1.20) years, male accounted for 44.3% (2877/6492); the overall awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control knowledge was 60.1% (3902/6492), the incidence of reported sexual behavior was 6.8% (438/6492), Among the students who reported having sexual behavior, 48.6% (213/438) had two or more sexual partners, 20.3%(89/438) reported having had casual or forced sex; 10 5% (681/6492) had tried to use social software/websites/online games to find sexual partners; the average age of first sexual behavior was 15.8 years; Among the students who reported having sexual behavior, the rate of condom use at first sex was 75.8% (332/438); Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that , male students, grade one, like homosexuality, accepting“one night stand”or“dating”on the Internet, strong sexual demand, having browsed pornographic information on the Internet, and liking to use the Internet or mobile phone software to communicate with others were the risk factors of trying to use the Internet to find sexual partners.Conclusions:The awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control knowledge among 6 492 secondary vocational school students in this survey was low, and there is still some respondents had tried to use the Internet to find sexual partners, and their preference for the same sex and lower grade were the risk factors. It is suggested that AIDS prevention education for secondary vocational school students needs to be strengthened, which should be carried out according to gender and risk types. Attention should be paid to Freshmen′s enrollment education, help to establish health responsibility awareness, strengthen warning and risk awareness education, and improve students′ life skills of risk identification and risk avoidance, and the risk of HIV infection caused by Internet sex should also be included in AIDS prevention education.