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[目的]分析龙海市1953—2008年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)的流行特征和规律,为今后防控提供依据。[方法]综合汇总1953年以来的疫情报告与调查资料进行分析。[结果]乙脑在龙海市曾广泛流行,尤其上世纪50、60与70年代初为高发期;1972年起转入初步控制期;1975—2008年,发病率明显下降,持续在1/10万左右。猪为主要贮存宿主;三带喙库蚊为主要传播媒介。接种乙脑疫苗、保护易感者与消灭传播媒介可有效控制人间乙脑流行。目前动物间(尤其是猪间)的流行仍未停息,故对儿童及非疫区进入的易感者仍需免疫保护。[结论]加强监测,落实易感者预防接种(特别是流动人口与计划外生育人口),做好动物传染源(猪与禽类为主)管理与防蚊灭蚊工作,是今后巩固乙脑控制的有效措施。
[Objective] To analyze the epidemic characteristics and laws of Japanese encephalitis (JE) from 1953 to 2008 in Longhai City and provide the basis for future prevention and control. [Method] The report summarizes the epidemic situation and survey data since 1953 for analysis. [Results] Encephalitis was widely prevalent in Longhai City, especially in the early 50s and early 70s of last century. It became the initial control period in 1972. From 1975 to 2008, the incidence rate dropped significantly, About 10 million. Pig as the main storage host; Culex tritaeniorhynchus as the main vector. Inoculation of Japanese encephalitis vaccine, protection of susceptible and the elimination of the media can effectively control the epidemic of Japanese encephalitis. At present, the epidemic of animals (especially swine flu) has not stopped. Therefore, immunization is still needed for children and susceptible persons entering into the non-infected areas. [Conclusion] Strengthening the surveillance, implementing vaccination (especially the floating population and unplanned population) of susceptible persons and managing the source of infection of animals (predominantly pigs and poultry) and mosquito control and mosquito control are the targets of consolidating the control of JE in the future Effective measures.